NMMS SAT Landforms 7th Term 2 Question and answer English medium
NMMS SAT Landforms 7th Term 2 Question and answer English medium
ЁЯМН Earth Processes, Landforms, and Rivers
1. What are the two main processes that
create landforms?
a) Upliftment and weathering
b) Endogenic and Exogenic processes
c) Sedimentation and faulting
d) River and mountain formation
✅ Answer: b)
Endogenic and Exogenic processes
2. Which process leads to the upliftment and
sinking of the earth’s surface?
a) Exogenic process
b) Erosion
c) Endogenic process
d) Weathering
✅ Answer: c)
Endogenic process
3. Endogenic processes are:
a) Surface-level
b) Caused by rivers
c) External
d) Internal
✅ Answer: d)
Internal
4. Which process involves continuous wearing
down and rebuilding of the land surface?
a) Endogenic process
b) Gradation
c) Erosion
d) Exogenic process
✅ Answer: d)
Exogenic process
5. Exogenic processes are:
a) Internal
b) External
c) Chemical
d) Sudden
✅ Answer: b)
External
6. The process of levelling of highlands and
filling up of lowlands is called:
a) Folding
b) Gradation
c) Weathering
d) Upliftment
✅ Answer: b)
Gradation
7. Weathering is the:
a) Transportation of rock
b) Wearing away by water
c) Breaking of rocks into small pieces
d) Formation of new rocks
✅ Answer: c)
Breaking of rocks into small pieces
8. Which of the following causes erosion?
a) Rain only
b) Fire
c) Animals
d) Water, wind, ice, and sea waves
✅ Answer: d) Water,
wind, ice, and sea waves
9. Eroded materials are:
a) Left in place
b) Melted
c) Carried away and deposited
d) Dissolved in water
✅ Answer: c) Carried
away and deposited
10. What creates different landforms on the
earth's surface?
a) Earthquakes
b) Tsunamis
c) Weathering and erosion
d) Soil formation
✅ Answer: c)
Weathering and erosion
ЁЯМК Rivers and Their Features
11. The water flowing along a definite course
from its source to its mouth is called:
a) Ocean
b) River
c) Glacier
d) Canal
✅ Answer: b) River
12. Rivers generally originate from:
a) Plains
b) Forests
c) Mountains or hills
d) Lakes
✅ Answer: c)
Mountains or hills
13. The place where a river begins is called
its:
a) Mouth
b) Lake
c) Source
d) Bay
✅ Answer: c) Source
14. The place where a river joins the sea is
called its:
a) Source
b) Stream
c) River path
d) River mouth
✅ Answer: d) River
mouth
15. The main agents responsible for erosion
are:
a) Humans and animals
b) Trees and roots
c) Wind, water, ice, and sea waves
d) Roads and vehicles
✅ Answer: c) Wind,
water, ice, and sea waves
16. What happens to rocks during weathering?
a) They melt
b) They are transported
c) They break into small pieces
d) They become mountains
✅ Answer: c) They
break into small pieces
17. Erosion and deposition together create:
a) Rivers
b) Clouds
c) Landforms
d) Plants
✅ Answer: c)
Landforms
18. Gradation includes:
a) Upliftment and submergence
b) Earthquake activity
c) Deposition and erosion
d) Volcanic activity
✅ Answer: c)
Deposition and erosion
19. Which of the following is NOT part
of the exogenic process?
a) Weathering
b) Erosion
c) Earthquake
d) Deposition
✅ Answer: c)
Earthquake
20. The main function of a river is to:
a) Freeze
b) Create weather
c) Flow from source to mouth
d) Erode only hills
✅ Answer: c) Flow
from source to mouth
ЁЯМК Landforms Formed by Rivers — MCQs
1. What is created when running river water
erodes mountainous tracks?
a) Delta
b) Oxbow lake
c) V-shaped valley
d) Meander
✅ Answer: c)
V-shaped valley
2. A V-shaped valley is formed due to:
a) Earthquakes
b) River erosion in mountains
c) Wind erosion
d) Glacial deposition
✅ Answer: b) River
erosion in mountains
3. What is a waterfall?
a) A twist in the river
b) A flooded plain
c) Water falling over a vertical step in a river
d) A river joining another river
✅ Answer: c) Water
falling over a vertical step in a river
4. Waterfalls are formed when:
a) Hard rocks dissolve
b) River meets ocean
c) Soft rocks are eroded
d) Rivers freeze
✅ Answer: c) Soft
rocks are eroded
5. An example of a waterfall in Tamil Nadu
is:
a) Hogenakkal Falls
b) Niagara Falls
c) Courtallam Falls
d) Dhuandhar Falls
✅ Answer: c)
Courtallam Falls
6. The waterfall in Courtallam is formed
across which river?
a) Kaveri
b) Vellar
c) Godavari
d) Chittar
✅ Answer: d) Chittar
7. A plunge pool is:
a) A shallow pond
b) A sedimentary deposit
c) A hollow at the base of a waterfall
d) A type of delta
✅ Answer: c) A
hollow at the base of a waterfall
8. How is a plunge pool formed?
a) Rainwater collection
b) Earthquake
c) Cavitation
d) Freezing
✅ Answer: c)
Cavitation
9. What is an alluvial fan?
a) A river curve
b) A lake
c) Sediment deposit at plains or foothills
d) A type of island
✅ Answer: c)
Sediment deposit at plains or foothills
10. Where does an alluvial fan typically
form?
a) River mouth
b) River delta
c) Mountains
d) Foothills or plains
✅ Answer: d)
Foothills or plains
ЁЯМН River Features and Examples
11. What is a meander?
a) A delta
b) A small waterfall
c) A river bend
d) A stream
✅ Answer: c) A river
bend
12. Meanders form due to:
a) Glacier melting
b) Continuous erosion and deposition
c) Earthquakes
d) Volcanic activity
✅ Answer: b)
Continuous erosion and deposition
13. Where are meanders found near River
Vellar?
a) Kanyakumari
b) Courtallam
c) Sethiyathope in Cuddalore
d) Ooty
✅ Answer: c)
Sethiyathope in Cuddalore
14. A tributary is:
a) A stream branching away from main river
b) A lake
c) A stream that joins a main river
d) A man-made canal
✅ Answer: c) A
stream that joins a main river
15. A distributary is:
a) A river that dries in summer
b) A tributary
c) A stream that branches away from the main stream
d) A mountain river
✅ Answer: c) A
stream that branches away from the main stream
16. What is the world’s highest waterfall?
a) Niagara Falls
b) Hogenakkal Falls
c) Angel Falls
d) Jog Falls
✅ Answer: c) Angel
Falls
17. Where is Angel Falls located?
a) North America
b) Africa
c) Venezuela, South America
d) Canada
✅ Answer: c)
Venezuela, South America
18. Niagara Falls is located on the border
of:
a) USA and Mexico
b) Canada and USA
c) Brazil and Argentina
d) USA and South Africa
✅ Answer: b) Canada
and USA
19. Victoria Falls is found between:
a) Nigeria and Ghana
b) Kenya and Tanzania
c) Zambia and Zimbabwe
d) Egypt and Sudan
✅ Answer: c) Zambia
and Zimbabwe
20. Oxbow lakes are formed by:
a) Wind erosion
b) Seismic activity
c) River meandering
d) Glacier melting
✅ Answer: c) River
meandering
ЁЯПЮ️ MCQs – River & Glacier Landforms (Page 3)
1. What is an ox-bow lake?
a) A mountain stream
b) A circular river loop
c) A cut-off meander loop
d) A glacier-formed lake
✅ Answer: c) A
cut-off meander loop
2. How is an ox-bow lake formed?
a) Volcano eruption
b) Earthquake
c) Meander loop gets cut off
d) Wind erosion
✅ Answer: c) Meander
loop gets cut off
3. The narrowing of the meander neck occurs
due to:
a) Sedimentation
b) Lava flow
c) Erosion
d) Earthquake
✅ Answer: c) Erosion
4. The term ‘Meander’ is named after a river
in:
a) India
b) Africa
c) Turkey
d) China
✅ Answer: c) Turkey
5. The river Meander flows through:
a) Asia Minor
b) Middle East
c) East Africa
d) Western Europe
✅ Answer: a) Asia
Minor
6. What is a delta?
a) A mountain ridge
b) A dry river bed
c) A sediment deposit at river mouth
d) A steep hill
✅ Answer: c) A
sediment deposit at river mouth
7. Deltas are formed when:
a) Wind blows sediments
b) River deposits sediments at its mouth
c) Earthquake shakes riverbed
d) Mountains melt
✅ Answer: b) River
deposits sediments at its mouth
8. Which of the following is a delta-forming
river?
a) Brahmaputra
b) Cauvery
c) Mississippi
d) All of the above
✅ Answer: d) All of
the above
9. What are distributaries?
a) Rivers that join the main stream
b) Glacial deposits
c) Branches that flow away from the main river
d) Waterfalls
✅ Answer: c)
Branches that flow away from the main river
10. What causes the river to break into
distributaries?
a) Earthquake
b) Increase in flow speed
c) Decrease in river velocity
d) Glacial melting
✅ Answer: c)
Decrease in river velocity
ЁЯМи️ MCQs – Glacier Landforms
11. What is a glacier?
a) Frozen lake
b) Stream of lava
c) Body of ice moving down a slope
d) Underground spring
✅ Answer: c) Body of
ice moving down a slope
12. What causes a glacier to move?
a) Earth’s rotation
b) Rainfall
c) Gravity
d) Wind
✅ Answer: c) Gravity
13. Glaciers are classified into:
a) Rivers and oceans
b) Deltaic and erosional
c) Mountain/Valley and Continental
d) Levees and moraines
✅ Answer: c)
Mountain/Valley and Continental
14. Which glacier type covers large areas of
land?
a) Cirque glacier
b) Valley glacier
c) Continental glacier
d) Hanging glacier
✅ Answer: c)
Continental glacier
15. Example of a continental glacier:
a) Alps
b) Himalayas
c) Greenland
d) Ganges
✅ Answer: c)
Greenland
16. Mountain glaciers are found in:
a) Deserts
b) Sea shores
c) The Himalayas and Alps
d) Delta regions
✅ Answer: c) The
Himalayas and Alps
17. What does a mountain glacier usually
follow?
a) River mouth
b) Ocean tide
c) Former river courses
d) Wind paths
✅ Answer: c) Former
river courses
18. Which of these is not part
of a glacier?
a) Zone of plucking
b) Cirque
c) Meander
d) Terminal moraine
✅ Answer: c) Meander
19. What is a cirque?
a) A deltaic landform
b) A U-shaped valley
c) A bowl-shaped depression from glacial erosion
d) An ice-covered mountain
✅ Answer: c) A
bowl-shaped depression from glacial erosion
20. A tarn is formed when:
a) A volcano erupts
b) A delta floods
c) A glacier melts in a cirque
d) River meets sea
✅ Answer: c) A
glacier melts in a cirque
ЁЯПФ️ MCQs – Glacier, Wind & Desert
Landforms (Page 4)
- What is a cirque?
a) A desert basin
b) A glacially eroded rock basin
c) A mushroom-shaped rock
d) A sand dune
✅ Answer: b) A glacially eroded rock basin - Which country is the Corrie located in?
a) India
b) United States
c) United Kingdom
d) Switzerland
✅ Answer: c) United Kingdom - What is formed when a cirque fills with
water?
a) Arete
b) Delta
c) Tarn lake
d) Drumlin
✅ Answer: c) Tarn lake - What is an arete?
a) A crescent-shaped dune
b) A V-shaped valley
c) A ridge between cirques
d) A glacial moraine
✅ Answer: c) A ridge between cirques - What is formed when two cirques erode
toward each other?
a) Corrie
b) Moraine
c) Arete
d) Barchan
✅ Answer: c) Arete - Where is Kar (a cirque) found?
a) France
b) Germany
c) Italy
d) South Africa
✅ Answer: b) Germany - What kind of valley is formed by glacier
erosion?
a) V-shaped valley
b) Rift valley
c) Canyon
d) U-shaped valley
✅ Answer: d) U-shaped valley - What are moraines?
a) Sand dunes
b) Wind deposits
c) Glacial deposits
d) River deltas
✅ Answer: c) Glacial deposits - What is a mushroom rock?
a) A volcanic rock
b) A wind-eroded rock with a narrow base
c) A glacier-cut ridge
d) A meander cutoff
✅ Answer: b) A wind-eroded rock with a narrow base - What is the shape of a barchan?
a) Triangle
b) Crescent
c) Dome
d) Irregular
✅ Answer: b) Crescent - What agent of erosion creates barchans?
a) Water
b) Ice
c) Wind
d) Earthquake
✅ Answer: c) Wind - Where is the mushroom rock commonly found?
a) Mountains
b) Oceans
c) Deserts
d) Rivers
✅ Answer: c) Deserts - What is an inselberg?
a) A volcanic hill
b) An isolated rock in deserts
c) A glacier-carved valley
d) A river plain
✅ Answer: b) An isolated rock in deserts - What causes the formation of an inselberg?
a) Volcano
b) Earthquake
c) Wind erosion
d) River deposition
✅ Answer: c) Wind erosion - What is a tarn?
a) A desert sand dune
b) A glacial lake
c) A ridge formed by glaciers
d) A meander
✅ Answer: b) A glacial lake - What is a moraine made up of?
a) Volcanic ash
b) Wind-deposited sand
c) Glacial rocks and debris
d) Coral remains
✅ Answer: c) Glacial rocks and debris - What landform is found in South Africa's
Kalahari Desert?
a) Drumlin
b) Cirque
c) Inselberg
d) Tarn
✅ Answer: c) Inselberg - Which agent is responsible for forming
U-shaped valleys?
a) Wind
b) Water
c) Glacier
d) Volcano
✅ Answer: c) Glacier - Which landform is formed by deposition of
glacial materials?
a) Barchan
b) Moraine
c) Cirque
d) Plateau
✅ Answer: b) Moraine - What is the main agent responsible for
desert landforms like dunes and mushroom rocks?
a) Glacier
b) River
c) Wind
d) Volcano
✅ Answer: c) Wind
ЁЯМК MCQs – Coastal & Wind Landforms (Page
5)
- What is Loess?
a) A type of wave
b) A type of dune
c) Fine sand deposited by glaciers
d) Fine sand carried and deposited by wind
✅ Answer: d) Fine sand carried and deposited by wind - Where are large deposits of Loess found?
a) Japan
b) India
c) China
d) Australia
✅ Answer: c) China - Which desert is responsible for Loess
deposits in Northern China?
a) Thar Desert
b) Sahara Desert
c) Gobi Desert
d) Kalahari Desert
✅ Answer: c) Gobi Desert - What is a sea cliff?
a) A sand hill near the ocean
b) A flat beach surface
c) A steep rock face formed by wave action
d) A sand bar formed in the sea
✅ Answer: c) A steep rock face formed by wave action - How are sea caves formed?
a) Wind blows sand into rocks
b) Rainfall washes away cliffs
c) Cracks in rocks widened by sea waves
d) Glacier erosion
✅ Answer: c) Cracks in rocks widened by sea waves - What happens when a sea cave grows bigger
and the roof remains?
a) Sea dune
b) Sea arch
c) Beach
d) Sea bar
✅ Answer: b) Sea arch - What remains after the roof of a sea arch
is eroded?
a) Sea dune
b) Beach
c) Sea stack
d) Cliff
✅ Answer: c) Sea stack - What is the area where land meets the sea
called?
a) Plateau
b) Riverbank
c) Sea coast
d) Ocean bed
✅ Answer: c) Sea coast - What is the boundary where land meets
water known as?
a) Coastal line
b) Ocean zone
c) Coast line
d) Beach edge
✅ Answer: c) Coast line - Which force causes the formation of
coastal landforms?
a) Glaciers
b) Rainfall
c) Wind
d) Sea waves
✅ Answer: d) Sea waves - What is formed by wave erosion at the edge
of a sea cliff?
a) Sea dune
b) Sea cave
c) Sea dune
d) Sand bar
✅ Answer: b) Sea cave - Which landform is formed by sediment
deposition by sea waves?
a) Sea arch
b) Cliff
c) Beach
d) Stack
✅ Answer: c) Beach - What is a sand bar?
a) A type of rocky mountain
b) Elongated sand deposit in the sea
c) Sand dune in desert
d) Submerged island
✅ Answer: b) Elongated sand deposit in the sea - Which of the following landforms is formed
by deposition, not erosion?
a) Sea cave
b) Sea arch
c) Beach
d) Sea stack
✅ Answer: c) Beach - What leads to the formation of Sea Arches?
a) Sea waves filling cracks
b) Widening of caves leaving roof only
c) Deposition of sand in sea
d) River erosion
✅ Answer: b) Widening of caves leaving roof only - Which coastal feature is formed last in
the erosion process?
a) Sea cave
b) Sea arch
c) Sea stack
d) Sea cliff
✅ Answer: c) Sea stack - Which landform is shaped like a hollow
cavity in rocks?
a) Sea arch
b) Sea cave
c) Sea stack
d) Beach
✅ Answer: b) Sea cave - Which landform looks like a bridge in the
sea?
a) Beach
b) Sea stack
c) Sea arch
d) Sea cliff
✅ Answer: c) Sea arch - What causes the erosion of sea cliffs?
a) Rainfall
b) Wind
c) Glacier movement
d) Dash of sea waves
✅ Answer: d) Dash of sea waves - Where do sand bars form in relation to the
coast?
a) Perpendicular to coast
b) Near mountain regions
c) Deep inside land
d) Almost parallel to coast
✅ Answer: d) Almost parallel to coast
ЁЯПЦ️ MCQs – Lagoon, Beaches & Summary
(Page 6)
- What is a Lagoon?
a) A mountain lake
b) A lake formed by rain
c) A shallow stretch of water separated from the sea
d) A river delta
✅ Answer: c) A shallow stretch of water separated from the sea - Which of the following is an example of a
lagoon in Odisha?
a) Pulicat Lake
b) Chilika Lake
c) Vembanad Lake
d) Dal Lake
✅ Answer: b) Chilika Lake - Pulicat Lake is located in which Indian
state?
a) Odisha
b) Tamil Nadu
c) Kerala
d) Andhra Pradesh
✅ Answer: b) Tamil Nadu - Vembanad Lake is a lagoon found in:
a) Tamil Nadu
b) Karnataka
c) Kerala
d) Maharashtra
✅ Answer: c) Kerala - Which is the longest beach in the world?
a) Marina Beach
b) Bondi Beach
c) Copacabana Beach
d) Miami Beach
✅ Answer: d) Miami Beach - Where is Miami Beach located?
a) Canada
b) Brazil
c) South Florida, USA
d) Australia
✅ Answer: c) South Florida, USA - Which is the second longest beach in the
world?
a) Marina Beach
b) Chilika Beach
c) Kovalam Beach
d) Goa Beach
✅ Answer: a) Marina Beach - Where is Marina Beach situated?
a) Kerala
b) Chennai
c) Mumbai
d) Andhra Pradesh
✅ Answer: b) Chennai - What process continuously wears down the
landscape?
a) Sedimentation
b) Weathering and erosion
c) Glacial melting
d) Farming
✅ Answer: b) Weathering and erosion - Which of the following are major agents of
exogenic forces?
a) Earthquakes and volcanoes
b) Humans and animals
c) River, glacier, wind, and sea waves
d) Planets and stars
✅ Answer: c) River, glacier, wind, and sea waves - What reshapes land from the source to the
mouth?
a) Wind
b) Glaciers
c) River
d) Sea waves
✅ Answer: c) River - When a river breaks into several smaller
streams, they are called:
a) Canals
b) Brooks
c) Distributaries
d) Tributaries
✅ Answer: c) Distributaries - What kind of lands are Deltas known to be?
a) Dry and barren
b) Sandy
c) Excellent productive lands
d) Rocky lands
✅ Answer: c) Excellent productive lands - What is a glacier?
a) A river of hot lava
b) A moving sand dune
c) A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope
d) A deep sea trench
✅ Answer: c) A large body of ice moving slowly down a slope - What causes glaciers to move?
a) Wind
b) Gravity
c) Rainfall
d) Heat
✅ Answer: b) Gravity - What are moraines?
a) Desert dunes
b) River sediments
c) Glacial deposits
d) Sea waves
✅ Answer: c) Glacial deposits - Which is the active agent of erosion and
deposition in deserts?
a) Glaciers
b) Wind
c) Rain
d) Sea waves
✅ Answer: b) Wind - What do sea waves deposit along the shore?
a) Salt
b) Ice
c) Sediments of sand and gravel
d) Shells only
✅ Answer: c) Sediments of sand and gravel - What landform is created by sea wave
deposition?
a) Lagoon
b) Delta
c) Beach
d) Cave
✅ Answer: c) Beach - Which of the following is NOT a lagoon?
a) Chilika Lake
b) Vembanad Lake
c) Pulicat Lake
d) Marina Beach
✅ Answer: d) Marina Beach
ЁЯПЦ️ More MCQs – Lagoon, Beaches & Summary
(Page 6)
- Lagoon is separated from the sea by:
a) A mountain ridge
b) A sand bar or land strip
c) A river delta
d) A coral reef
✅ Answer: b) A sand bar or land strip - Which of the following is a shallow
stretch of water?
a) River
b) Lagoon
c) Delta
d) Ocean
✅ Answer: b) Lagoon - Which lake is a famous lagoon in Kerala?
a) Pulicat
b) Vembanad
c) Chilika
d) Sambhar
✅ Answer: b) Vembanad - Which of these is NOT mentioned as an
agent of exogenic forces?
a) Sea waves
b) Wind
c) Earthquake
d) River
✅ Answer: c) Earthquake - Which agent is responsible for erosion in
deserts?
a) River
b) Sea wave
c) Glacier
d) Wind
✅ Answer: d) Wind - The beach in Chennai is named:
a) Bondi
b) Marina
c) Miami
d) Copacabana
✅ Answer: b) Marina - Miami Beach is located in:
a) South America
b) North India
c) South Florida
d) South Africa
✅ Answer: c) South Florida - Sediments deposited by sea waves include:
a) Snow and pebbles
b) Rocks and boulders
c) Sand and gravel
d) Salt and clay
✅ Answer: c) Sand and gravel - The landform formed due to sea wave
deposition is called:
a) Cliff
b) Moraine
c) Beach
d) Plateau
✅ Answer: c) Beach - Which of the following statements is TRUE
according to the summary?
a) Only rivers shape the land
b) Erosion happens only in mountains
c) Glaciers are made of rock
d) Deltas are excellent productive lands
✅ Answer: d) Deltas are excellent productive lands
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